Right common carotid artery - arises from the brachiocephalic trunk; left common carotid is a direct branch off the aortic arch. Both divide into the external and internal carotid arteries; supply the head and neck
Internal carotid artery - branches from the common carotid artery; primary supplier of blood to the brain; forms an expansion known as the carotid sinus, containing the carotid baroreceptors and chemoreceptors
External carotid artery - branches from the common carotid artery; supplies blood to numerous structures of the face and neck
Right subclavian artery - a branch of the brachiocephalic trunk; the left arises directly from the arch of the aorta; provides blood supply mostly to the arms
Abdominal aorta - the division of the descending aorta inferior to the aortic hiatus in the diaphragm; bifurcates at the inferior end into the common iliac arteries; gives rise to multiple important branches
Celiac trunk (aka celiac artery) - a major branch of the abdominal aorta; gives rise to the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the common hepatic artery; supplies oxygenated blood to the liver, stomach, duodenum and pancreas
Gastric artery - the left gastric artery arises from the celiac artery and runs along the superior portion of the lesser curvature of the stomach; it anastomoses with the right gastric artery, which runs right to left.
Common hepatic artery - a short branch of the celiac trunk; gives off branches to the liver, stomach, pancreas, duodenum, gallbladder
Splenic artery - unpaired artery; longest branch of the celiac trunk; supplies blood to the spleen
Hepatic artery - a branch of the common hepatic artery; supplies blood to the liver
Superior mesenteric artery - unpaired artery; branch of the abdominal aorta; supplies blood to the small intestine (duodenum, jejunum, and ileum), the pancreas, and parts of the large intestine
Suprarenal artery - paired artery; branch of the abdominal aorta; supplies blood to the adrenal(suprarenal) gland
Gonadal (testicular or ovarian) artery - paired artery; branch of the abdominal aorta; supplies blood to the gonads (ovaries or testes)
Common iliac artery - bifurcation of the inferior end of the abdominal aorta; branches into the internal and external iliac arteries
Internal iliac artery - branches from the common iliac artery; supplies blood to the pelvis
External iliac artery - branches from the common iliac artery; exits the pelvis and becomes the femoral artery; supplies blood mostly to the lower limbs
Right and left brachiocephalic veins - paired veins; formed by the union of the internal jugular and the subclavian vein; The left and right brachiocephalic vein join to form the superior vena cava; drain deoxygenated blood from the head and upper limbs
Portal vein - drains the blood from the gastrointestinal tract, gallbladder, pancreas, and spleen to the liver; major blood vessel in the portal venous system
Superior mesenteric vein - lies to the right of the superior mesenteric artery; carries blood from the intestine to the liver through the hepatic portal vein
Common iliac vein - formed from the union of the external and internal iliac veins near the inferior portion of the sacroiliac joint; flows into the inferior vena cava at the level of L5
Internal iliac vein - formed from several smaller veins in the region; flows into the common iliac vein; drains blood from the visceral organs in the pelvic region
External iliac vein - formed when the femoral vein passes into the pelvis; flows into the common iliac vein; drains the legs
Jugular vein - internal and external jugular veins run along the right and left sides of the neck; drains blood into the superior vena cava from the brain, face, and neck