Human Anatomy & Physiology Laboratory OER

Identify the following anatomical structures

1. Ovaries
2. Uterine tube
3. Fimbriae
4. Round ligament (or Ligamentum teres uteri)
5. Uterus (body, fundus and cervix)
6. Endometrium of uterus
7. Myometrium of uterus
8. Cervix (or uterine cervix)
9. Cervical canal
10. Internal os
11. External os
12. Fornix
13. Vagina
14. Vesicouterine pouch
15. Rectouterine pouch
16. Pelvic diaphragm
17. Mons Pubis
18. Ovarian Ligament
19. Labia minora
20. Labia majora
21. Bulbospongiosus m.
22. Ischlocavernosus m.

• Models
  •  Reproductive System: assigned female at birth model
• Videos
  • Reproductive System: assigned female at birth model video
• Virtual Lab on McGraw Hill
  • None
• OpenStax Human Anatomy and Physiology textbook
  • Chapter 27.2

1. Ovaries - typical female gonads; paired oval organs located in the pelvic cavity lateral to the uterus; make the oocyte and produce sex hormones
2. Uterine tube (fallopian tube) - internal genital organ’ paired organ in the pelvic cavity, lateral to the uterus; is close to, but not directly connected to the ovary and is divided into sections: isthmus, infundibulum, and ampulla. Serves as the conduit for the oocyte from the ovary to the uterus; place of ectopic pregnancy. 
3. Fimbriae - finger-like projections of the uterine tubes; most lateral part of the uterine tubes; help “capture” the oocytes into the uterine tubes
4. Round ligament (or Ligamentum teres uteri) - attaches to the uterus near the uterine tubes, and extends to the labia majora; supports the uterus by connecting the anterior part of the uterus to the groin region; stretches during pregnancy
5. Uterus - internal genital organ; a muscular pear-shaped organ in the pelvic cavity; made of fundus, body and cervix; nourishes and supports the growing embryo and fetus
6. Fundus - dome-shaped part of uterus; superior to uterine tubes
7. Endometrium of uterus - innermost layer of the uterine wall; made up of an outer basal layer and innermost functional layer that is shed during menstruation and is the site of implantation for a fertilized oocyte
8. Myometrium of uterus - middle layer of the uterine wall; made up of smooth muscle and responsible for uterine contractions
9. Cervix (or uterine cervix) - the narrow inferior portion of the uterus that projects into the vagina; produces mucus secretions that change consistency throughout the menstrual cycle under the influence of estrogens and progesterone; can facilitate or inhibit sperm movement through the reproductive tract
10. Cervical canal - opening in the cervix; transports sperm into the uterine cavity and allows the escape of blood from the uterus during menstruation
11. Internal os -  the internal opening of the cervical canal into the endometrial cavity; the portion of a female cervix that dilates to allow delivery of the fetus during labor
12. External os -  the external opening of the cervical canal into the vagina; opens to allow passage between the uterus and vagina
13. Fornix - vaultlike or arched structure in the superior portion of the vagina; surrounds the cervix 
14. Vagina - internal genital organ; muscular canal that serves as the entrance to the reproductive tract and the exit from the uterus during menses and childbirth; walls of the vagina are lined with rugae; home to a normal population of microorganisms that help to protect against infection by pathogenic bacteria, yeast, or other organisms 
15. Vesicouterine pouch - pelvic recess formed by a fold of peritoneum over the uterus and the bladder; shallower and closer to the anterior fornix of the vagina
16. Rectouterine pouch - pelvic recess formed by a fold of peritoneum over the uterus and the rectum; deeper and closer to the posterior fornix of the vagina
17. Pelvic diaphragm (aka pelvic floor) - muscles that make up the inferior lining of the pelvic cavity; attaches to the walls of the lesser pelvis, separating the pelvic cavity from the perineum inferiorly; supports the pelvic organs and closes off the pelvic outlet, while allowing passage for the rectum, vagina and urethra
18. Mons pubis - external genital organs; part of the vulva; a mass of subcutaneous adipose tissue anterior to the pubic symphysis; bears most of the pubic hair.
19. Ovarian Ligament - attaches the ovaries to the lateral wall of the uterus inferior to the uterine tubes 
20. Labia minora (aka smaller lips) - external genital organs; part of the vulva; thinner, hair-less and more pigmented folds located medial to the labia majora; superior and anterior portions form the clitoris 
21. Labia majora (aka larger lips) - external genital organs; part of the vulva; a pair of thick folds of skin and adipose tissue inferior to mons pubis; covered with hair 
22. Bulbospongiosus m. - a bilateral, superficial perineal muscle; encircles the vagina; serves to constrict the vagina.
23. Ischlocavernosus m. - a bilateral, superficial perineal muscle located in the urogenital triangle; helps to maintain clitoral erections during sexual arousal and intercourse.

Module 14 McGraw Hill Connect APR Cadaver Activity