ENGL 1102 - Dr. Keane - Spring 2025: AI & Privacy: You, Your Data, & Others
Introduction: AI & Data Privacy
"You should be protected from abusive data practices via built-in protections and you should have agency over how data about you is used" (White House, n.d.). Although data privacy has been widely discussed and researched, AI poses new challenges and data ethics questions. For instance, are you willing to permit AI chatbots to train on your prompts? Who can afford to buy privacy from AI companies? What sort of personal data are you giving up when you agree to an AI's terms of use? This section seeks to provide resources to help you answer these questions. Further, as AI becomes more integrated into everyday activities, new questions and challenges will arise, and I hope to continue updating this section as those questions arise.
AI & Data Privacy: Government Sources
AI & Data Privacy: Popular Sources
- Why Opting Out of Meta's Use of Facebook, Instagram Posts for AI Training Isn't Easy Meta announced it would implement significant changes to its privacy policy as of June 26, 2024.
- Can I Opt Out of Meta’s A.I. Scraping on Instagram and Facebook? Sort Of. "Social media users voiced worries about a move by Meta to use information from public Instagram and Facebook posts to train its A.I. But the scraping has already begun. Here’s what to know."
AI & Data Privacy: Peer-Reviewed Sources
- Ethics and responsible AI deployment "As Artificial Intelligence (AI) becomes more prevalent, protecting personal privacy is a critical ethical issue that must be addressed. This article explores the need for ethical AI systems that safeguard individual privacy while complying with ethical standards. By taking a multidisciplinary approach, the research examines innovative algorithmic techniques such as differential privacy, homomorphic encryption, federated learning, international regulatory frameworks, and ethical guidelines. The study concludes that these algorithms effectively enhance privacy protection while balancing the utility of AI with the need to protect personal data. The article emphasises the importance of a comprehensive approach that combines technological innovation with ethical and regulatory strategies to harness the power of AI in a way that respects and protects individual privacy."
- Regulating Artificial Intelligence under Data Protection Law: Challenges and Solutions for India. "As India moves toward enacting a comprehensive data protection legislation, it becomes essential to examine the possible application of India's proposed data protection law to the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI). The various challenges posed by AI to data protection principles and data principals' rights need to be examined. The need for data maximisation in the use of AI challenges the principle of collection limitation. The difficulty in anticipating the processing purposes of AI challenges the principle of purpose limitation. With a brief introduction to AI and data protection law in India, the paper examines the compatibility of various data protection provisions under India's Digital Personal Data Protection Act, 2023 with AI. The paper also provides recommendations for data protection regulation of AI. The paper proposes the need to hold data fiduciaries accountable using Data Protection Impact Assessments, Codes of Practice and Security Measures. Besides, there is a need to define the fiduciary duty of care between the data principal and data fiduciary. There is a need recognize data protection by design and default and the Right against automated decision making. Technical solutions need to be explored, but at the same time, AI must not be over-regulated. Lastly, there is a need for flexibly interpreting the provisions of the proposed data protection law."
- Artificial Intelligence-Altered Videos (Deepfakes), Image-Based Sexual Abuse, and Data Privacy Concerns Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a phenomenon that has become embedded in human life, and this symbiotic relationship between technology and humanity is here to stay. One such use of AI is deepfakes. The use of AI for deepfakes is arguably one of the most controversial topics because it raises ethical issues. Deepfakes are images or recordings that have been convincingly altered and manipulated to misrepresent someone as doing or saying something that they did not actually do or say. These manipulations thrive in the political arena and recently in the pornography industry, in which women's faces are masked onto other bodies to create video illusions that cause non-consensual sexual-image abuse and other harms. It is no surprise that the malicious use of deepfake technology has prompted regulatory legislation like the United States National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA), and the recent ratification of amendments to the Digital Services Act (DSA) on criminalizing malicious deepfakes. Scholars, advocates, and victims continue to call for more specific and stricter laws to regulate deepfakes and assign penalties for non-adherence. This paper presents a timely analysis of deepfake pornography as a type of image-based sexual abuse, and of the position of the law on malicious use of deepfake technology. Data protection concerns under the General Data Protection Regulation, and policy recommendations and measures for redress, control, and eradication are also addressed. Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Cyberbullying, Deepfakes, Digital Media, Ethics, Law, Image manipulation, Sexual abuse Introduction Digital technology, while not an instrument of harm on its own, nevertheless poses the possibility of exploitation and harm. One of these digital technologies is Artificial Intelligence (AI) technology. [...]
AI & Data Privacy: Terms of Use/Terms and Conditions
- Why Opting Out of Meta's Use of Facebook, Instagram Posts for AI Training Isn't Easy Meta announced it would implement significant changes to its privacy policy as of June 26, 2024